Agree or Disagree with ISLAM Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Agree or Disagree with ISLAM - Research Paper ExampleThis paper will examine closely one of them, namely Islam, examining its master(prenominal) beliefs and practices as well as present the opinion of the author about this religion.One should point out that there is a peculiar concept of quint Pillars of Islam a set of principles and practices that define the identity of a Muslim. Thus, the first pillar which will be explored is called Shahada. To put it simple, this is a concise message that all lawful believers repeat, acknowledging their faith in one God and his only messenger Muhammad (Cornell 9). One would make no mistake pointing out that this has become one of the most illustrious phrases that are used to recognize Islam. The latter is a monotheistic religion so proclamation that God is one is the key thesis of it. In rise to power to that shahada also argues that there is no other source of wisdom that the one which was presented by Muhammad, namely the Quran.The next p illar which is essential for the mind of the religion is headspring is called salat. Originally, this word means prayer or more closely the practice of praying. Indeed, the Muslims are known to pray much more than the representatives of the other religions, five times a day. There are five prayers which true believers of Islam should perform the one at daybreak, noon, midafternoon, sunset and in the evening. As one can easily see, they are separated among the day at almost equal intervals so that people are able to pray and to achieve their personal goals as well. In summing up to that it allows a person to concentrate ones mind on the devotion to God.The third pillar which is able to contribute to a correct understanding of Islam as a system is called zakat. As some of the researchers put it, zakat is a good demonstration of Islams commitment to social justice (Rane 23). Indeed, this pillar stands for a certain amount of money that all the Muslims are required to pay so that t he money will be directed to the

Compare and Contrast Augustine(Political Writing) and Aquinas (The Essay

Compare and Contrast Augustine(Political Writing) and doubting Thomas (The Political Ideas Of ST. Thomas Aquinas) - Essay ExampleWhile some thinkers have argued for theological positions such as Christian communism, others propose that Christians should have limited participation in politics. Saint Augustine and Thomas Aquinas works attempt to provide a symphonious relationship between politics and Christianity. Augustine and Aquinas thoughts on politics are similar in terms of their theological positions, and differ in terms of Augustines theological turn uplook and Aquinass rational position on matters. Augustine, as a classical theologizer, had notable works that he produced on politics. This occurred in spite of his firm grounding on religion. Augustines work had remained as classical in defining religions relationship with the society. Augustine discusses dual citizenship in terms of heaven and earth. He recognizes that human beings are bound to the functioning of the morta l state and the heavenly kingdom. Augustine allegorically refers to cities, the earthly city and the city of God. The earthly city belongs to the class of individuals who are damned. According to Augustine, such individuals do not possess Gods blessings (Saint Augustine 5). On the other hand, the people in the city of God have Gods blessings. The City of God surpasses earthly institutions such as the state. On the other hand, Thomas Aquinas is a theologian who embarked on a study of the church within an intellectual frame. This explains why the papacy recommended Aquinass texts as preliminary in attaining ordainments. This suggests that these two scholars divided up a similarity in articulating an objective view of the church. In turn, they had designed a philosophical outlook on spiritual matters. It is essential to highlight that Augustine and Aquinas shared similar convictions about wars. The scholars agree that war can be a just affair as long as it builds on legitimate premi ses. According to Aquinas, war is necessary as a means of defense. In addition, war is vital in the event of ensuring long-term peace. Aquinas laid out Augustines principles in justifying given wars. To begin with, there has to be considerable possibilities of winning a given war. In addition, a strong central confidence should be responsible for waging such a war. The third premise stated that peace was to be the central motive in pursuing a war. Similarly, Augustine had proposed passivism as a Christian way of living. This means that Christians should oppose war and violence as a means of initiating conflict resolution. Augustine, however, asserted that peacefulness in the case of a serious wrong, which only violence could stop, is a sin Saint (Augustine 29). Augustine states that defense of the self and others could be necessary in the case of an attack. A legitimate authority, however, has to approve such a defense. In as much as Augustine did not explicitly state the componen ts of a just war, he, in an substantiating sense, coined the term in The City of God work. In this sense, it was sometimes necessary to have a war that helped preserve peace in the long-term. All the same, Augustine insisted that war should not be preemptive. This is a functional outlook on war that Aquinas uses to lay out the components of a just war. Both Aquinas and Augustine look at that the state is instrumental in safeguarding a common interest. Augustine discusses this concept in the scope of a political community. Aquinas discusses the states purpose in terms of justice. According to Augustine, both the state and the

Specialist Provision BA Child and Youth Studies Essay

Specialist Provision BA Child and Youth Studies - Essay ExampleThe last in my discussion is the medical and health conditions that may fall down the learning senesce of a child or treatment that affects his or her education.I propose that a parent interacts with the child on unremarkable basis so as to identify some of these difficulties. For example, talk often to the nursery school teacher to know the progress of your child. In case of the higher up signs you should talk to the teacher in charge of special educational considers referred to as SEN or SENCO, and if your child is not in school then you demand to inform a doctor on the same (COHEN, 2009). On the other hand, in my opinion it is the responsibility of the school and other organizations in the society to dish out children overcome barriers and difficulties in their education, quickly and with ease. This is because not all children will need help all through their school life. However due to different progress rates among children, teachers should organize their lessons so as to assist those who have unique difficulties. For example, children showing slower progress when learning different educational concepts should be puke as a group so as to offer extra help or even offer different lesson to help the children succeed in their education.Dominant culture in a given up society is the established language, religion, behaviour, values, rituals and accessible customs. These traits make norms of a society. This culture achieves its dominance through the control of social institutions such as communication, educational institution, artistic expression, law, politics and business. In fact, different people in the society view children and young people in need of special educational needs differently depending on their norms and culture (STONE, 1995). All children in the society have the right to be educated and they be given tools to help them develop

The media play in encouraging Essay Example for Free

The media play in encouraging EssayWhat role does the media play in encouraging or discouraging touristry to detail destinations? Popular mediums of media including tear, television, internet and print media can influence the appeal of certain travel destinations and activities. It can prompt a require or avert tourism destinations as suggested by MacCannell (1976) these media forms can highly construct or highlight particular images of destinations to act as a marker. likely tourists base their knowledge on such information provided whether to travel or not to particular destinations. Film induced tourism can also chip in ab away an increase in the cultural value of the consider location being heritage sites. Firstly, in the case of New Zealands Maori culture has gained identifiable status finished media exposure. The film Whale Rider (2002) for instance thoroughly demonstrates the Maori culture. In customary Maori culture the beliefs, clothing, animals, plants and cer tain landforms are spiritually linked with particular groups of individuals. The film represents this through the whales being the ancient symbol for the Ngati Konohi community.Thus, by maintaining a sense of identity it offers an opportunity for individuals to fall and provide expressions of self. Additionally, this film can close in individuals strongly interested in culture especially of New Zealands Maori culture. As well as this heritage sites which dumbfound been set as film locations gain fame and recognition by its audience after the release of the film. These locations often gain meaning through film narration. For example Mission Impossible 2 (2000) was filmed at the Sydney Royal National Park. Due to the commonplaceity of the film series an increase of visits to the park occurred during 2000 the year the film was released. Hence, can be evidently seen media plays a major role in encouraging tourism to certain destinations. However, with the expansion of different type s of visitors to a destination it could also provoke an adjusted behaviour in tourists (Smith et al, 2010). The world heritage site in Angkor, Cambodia had been utilised and set up as a location for the adventure film Tomb Raider. Tourists who had viewed and felt a sense of yearning to visit the location of the film were discovered climbing on the ancient sanctuary temple walls in order to attempt and succeed the protagonist.This kind of media coverage creates a negative impact on the site as tourists are not respecting or obliging to conservation plans setout for the site. The inappropriate manner can additionally provoke iconic pieces or souvenirs to be removed from the film induced tourism locations so as to be able to efficiently oblige with conservation plans. Media based tourism can wreak additional income and jobs to an area and in particular can provide opportunities for change souvenirs/merchandising and spin-off services such as themed tours and services (Smith et al, 2 010 p.73). This is evident in umpteen tourist destinations including Thailand and the film The Beach. It has created a strong stimulation of desires for lot to visit the film location in addition to the surrounding areas of Thailand. Due to the large tourism activity, tour companies have taken advantaged and advertised motley tours which circuits dissimilar film based locations and entitled them The Beach Tours (Law et al 2007). Extraordinariness can also be added to entice travellers such as recounting stories and gossip within the tours to the highest degree the production of The Beach.Also the Footsteps on the Beach website was created which sells Thailand to a more mass audience as well as reach potential tourists to visit Thailand through images and meaning. Desires can also be a reason why individuals choose to travel in the first place. Therefore, by creating strong desires and adding extraordinariness through media exposure it hike encourages individuals to travel. The idea of a journey with fun filled sire can also prompt an encouragement to travel and explore destinations. There are legion(predicate) journey narratives exposed starting from early childhood years. Journey narratives are stories which are structured around a physical journey. Along the way individuals reflect and grow to develop a stronger understanding of self. For instance contemporary narratives of Eat Pray Love or Lord of the Rings. Characters undertake a journey in order to discover a purpose through the meaningful experiences occurred on the way. These encourage a desire for otherness and difference attr acting the explorer and drifter tourists.This is collect to the fact such tourists do not mind getting off the beaten tracks, leaving the environmental bubble voluntarily and preferring a novelty experience (Cohen 2004). Many of these media have influenced young individuals to travel as they have gotten older. Thus childrens stories are a major motivator for individuals to travel as its the first contact many individuals have in terms of media and tourism. Additionally, journey narratives are powerful motivators as individuals seek out tourism destinations. Riley et al (1992)have distinguished the downsides of main concern as the exploitation of locals and visitors, expanding costs, absence of readiness of locals when managing with the high tourist influx, the way the location differs from the way it is portrayed in the forms of media deliverance about a loss of tourist fulfilment and satisfaction and the various effects of souvenir hunters particularly those who consume signs and markers. These components relate to the film induced tourism audience and ever expanding tourist visitations to such locations. An important and ambiguous issue to be considered when arguing views of film induced tourism is that of the actual versus the envisioned images as created by the media.Butler (1990) indicates that in a number of times films are not shot at the l ocations they imply to be. For instance the Philippines was adopted to portray Vietnam in the 1986 Vietnam War film Platoon. This then creates a condition where the general audience are constructing their knowledge on false information and developing false expectations and desires of destinations they regulate to visit. It can be argued that much of the expectations in tourism is created with what is presented and viewed in the media. These expectations are developed overtime due to the mass promotions, guidebooks and stories of tourism travel from documentaries and films. The information provided is unremarkably of implied promises. Boorstin (1972) suggests these pseudo-events are responsible for the inauthenticity of the tourism industry.Commentators suggest that media tourism is a clear example of post-tourism (Smith et al, 2010 p.74) and the visitor perspectives of locations are somewhat of a giant cinema pervade suggesting the inauthenticity of a place. Consequently, result ing in tourists dissatisfaction with their travel experiences. As an outcome tension is created and discourages tourists from visiting certain destinations. A further case of the immediate complications that media production can bring can be evident in Thailand. Here 20th century Fox filmed The Beach. In order to prepare the site for production and to undertake filming the beach was demolished and widened with much of the native vegetation and a mass amount of rubbish from the isolated beach also being removed. The demolition of the natural environment became a major concern. The landscape was modified so the global cinematic audience is offered an idealised journey in a fantasize space, one based on a dream of the tropics (Law et al 2007). In doing so Higgins-Desbiolles (2001) claims it tarnishedthe Thai Government, damaged the reputation of Twentieth Century Fox, sparked a desire for travel within the young fan base and opened up the opportunities for companies to promote thems elves.However, the major benefit that came out of this production was that it boosted the Thailand economy by an estimated US$150000. Clearly the media plays a role in both encouraging and discouraging tourists to visit certain destinations based on their tourist attentivenesss. The tourist gaze was founded by Urry who outlines is a visual nature of tourism. It refers to the way in which tourists seek out and consume visual images and the means by which the tourism industry organises and directs this aspiration (Smith 2010 p.174). The gaze can be seen as having a positive outcome on tourism destinations. Bruno (1997) explains that viewers of media are in a way acting like tourists. Having viewed certain television shows such as The Amazing Race the audience feel a compelling motivation to go and travel as well due to the depicted images in the show. However, it can also demotivate in terms of negative publicity placed on certain locations. For instance many individuals avoid the M iddle East regions due to sudden eruptions of conflict such as war and terrorist attacks.Many news reports have displayed images of such risks. This information is then publicly revealed to a mass audience including potential tourists. Resulting in tourists rethinking about their destination choices and seeking other locations instead. Tourism is a key component of popular culture and is fed and feeds from the media which both circulates and produces culture. The power of media especially film and television can motivate travellers, create new images, alter negative images and create and placing icons on maps is recognised as a major factor in promoting tourism travel. Through the analysis of the film The Beach as well as various researchers including Law, Smith and Urry a further understanding is established in terms of media and the influence it can have on tourism whether in positive or negative conducts. As evident media does play a major role in deciding tourist destinations.Re ference ListBoorstin, D.J 1972, The Image A race to Pseudi Events in America, Atheneum, New York. Butler, R.W 1990, The influence of the media in shaping international tourist patterns, Tourism Recreation Research, vol. 15, no. 2, pp.4653. Cohen, E 2004, Toward a sociology of international tourism,in coetaneous tourism diversity and change, Elsevier, Boston, MA, pp. 37-47. Higgins-Desbiolles, F 2001, Battlelines on The Beach Tourism and globalisation. Policy, Organisation and Society Special Edition Different Globalisations, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 116138. Law, L., Bunnell, T. and Ong, C 2007, The Beach, the gaze and film tourism, Tourist Studies, vol 7, no. 2, pp. 141-164. MacCannell, D 1976, A semiotic of attraction, in The tourist a new theory of the leisure class, Schocken Books, New York, pp. 109-33. Riley, R. VanDoren, C.S 1992, Movies as tourism promotion A pull factor in a push location. Tourism Management, September, pp. 267274. Film TV Tourism in Smith, M., MacLeod, N. and Hart Robertson, M 2010, discover Concepts in Tourist Studies. London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi Singapore, SAGE, pp. 71-75.

Toy World, Inc. Case Analysis Essay Example for Free

act as founding, Inc. Case Analysis EssayExecutive SummaryToy World, Inc. is a company that has been manufacturing toys for children since 1973. Since 1976, the company has enjoyed gainful operations. At the end of 1993, revenue and profit came close to $8 million and $270 thousand respectively. With Jack McClintock as president and Dan Hoffman as end product manager, the two subscribe to tried to find a strategy to adjust operations to the volatility of the toy market. Sales in the toy market be seasonal, reaching peaks in the calendar months of August through December, while remaining relatively flat during the remaining months of the year. This seasonality has affected the companys latch on schedule. During the off season, bloodline is low, skilled workers are underutilized, and machinery is left idle. When the alert season finally arrives, Toy World is forced to hire more workers, pay additional overtime wages, and operate at wide of the mark capacity.Dan Hoffman sees inefficiencies in this schedule and proposes a level production plan that would eliminate overtime wages and fully utilize skilled workers. Under his plan, toys would be manufacture evenly every month, allowing inventory levels to build in the months leading up to the holidays. In addition to using cash, the company must also take on additional loans to compensate for the high inventory levels. In an industry that has relatively low capital requirements, Hoffmans strategy may increase overall profitability, scarce it jeopardizes the companys liquidity.1. What factors could Mr. McClintock consider in deciding whether or not to adopt the level production plan?The main factors Mr. McClintock should consider when deciding whether or not to adopt the level production plan comes down to the trade off between liquidity and profitability. minded(p) thehighly seasonal nature of the industry, producing goods beforehand of time has strong risks associated with it. If managements projec tions are incorrect, the company could incur significant inventory write-downs or write offs.Additionally, the company forget incur senseless costs of storing the inventory that depart accumulate in the first half of the year. Further, Mr. McClintock should analyze the differences in amount and timing of the companys external backing needs under the level production plan, and whether or not the financing needs can be met by the current credit line of $2 million. To assess the impact of these factors, we prepared pro forma financial statements under level production.2. What savings would be involved?The savings involved in leveling production include reductions in overtime premiums as well as a decrease in additional labor costs. Expenses involved in this production glide by include increased shipping and handling expenses and an increase in interest expenses. Both of these expenses are a response of having increased inventory levels. Total savings less total expenses from the new production strategy results in positive net savings of $148,000.See Exhibit E.3. Prepare the pro forma financial statements and augur the external funding needs required.Income StatementIn preparing monthly statements under the level production plan, several adjustments were made to managements original projections (Exhibit A). Given the annual savings in overtime premiums as well as direct labor, cost of goods sold under level production would be cut from a constant 70 percent of sales to 65.1 percent of sales. However, this is slightly offset by the annual increase in storage and handling costs, which is accounted for in operating expenses. To determine the interest income, we multiplied the average monthly cash balance by the 4 percent annualized return provided by management. Income taxes remained at 34 percent, arriving at a total net income of $661 for 1994.Balance SheetThe most significant adjustments made to the balance sheet were under inventory, accrued taxes, and n otes payable. As is visualised in Exhibit B, we prepared schedules for both accrued taxes as well as inventory. Management provided a specific tax payment schedule, which was subtracted from each months income taxes to arrive at ending accrued taxes. As for inventory, beginning inventory plus finished goods completed less cost of goods sold fixed each months ending inventory. Under level production, the finished goods completed should be constant month over month. We determined this number by dividing the annual cost of goods sold by 12. Finally, notes payable was our plug figure. As this line item represents the companys existing credit line, it can be further analyzed to assess the companys amount of added funds required and the timing of the needs under level production.External Funding needfullyToy World Inc. will require large external funding in order to support inventory levels leading up to the holiday season. Toy World currently has a $2 million line of credit with the b ank. In order to support the level production plan, we estimate that Toy World will need a line of credit of close to $4 million in the month of September.4. Compare the liabilities patterns feasible under the alternative production plans. What implications do their differences have for the risk assumed by the various parties?Under the alternative production plans, the timing and amount of funding that Toy World will need to keep up with inventory projections significantly differs. For example, in June, due to the lags of the 60-day collection periods, strong funding will be needed to keep up with the level production. If management moves forward with the current seasonal production plan, they would not take on the further liabilities and maintain lower cash balances in the busy months of September to December. The most significant tradeoffs of the two scenarios are between liquidity, profitability and leverage. If the toys ended up not being as popular as they forecasted, and then the various parties would take on the risk of the rising inventories.Toy world wouldthen have to decide whether or not to hang onto the excess inventory in anticipation of increased demand, or rid themselves of inventory to increase working capital. Either way, this risk, if came to fruition, would be a lose-lose situation for if they hold onto it and demand doesnt bounce back, then they lost some working capital, but if demand does bounce back, and they have gotten rid of the inventory, they will find themselves unable to keep up with demand. Also, the industry has relatively no barriers to entry so taking on more debt in this volatile industry to increase inventories would be risky as products have short lives and a relatively high rate of company failures.Sensitivity AnalysisGiven the inherent risks associated with producing toys significantly ahead of time, we decided to exact a sensitivity analysis around this factor (Exhibit D). Specifically, we assessed the impact of writin g off 10 percent of the prior months inventory balance. This budge would be reflected as a direct reduction in inventory, as well as a corresponding increase in cost of goods sold, resulting in a 382 percent decrease in net income from seasonal production. While 10 percent of total inventory write downs is an extreme downside situation, the key take away is the importance of how accurate managements projections are. In a level production plan, management will have to begin producing for peak sales periods early on in the year, greatly increasing the risk of inaccurate projections. Therefore, one of the most critical considerations in adopting level production is the confidence in managements ability to accurately forecast industry trends.ConclusionDespite past profitability and success, our analysis shows that Toy World, Inc. could benefit greatly from an operable restructuring. Adjusting their business model to implement a level production plan in 1994 as opposed to past seasonal production will result in a positive impact on the companys profitability. However, in order to implement these changes, Toy World, Inc. will need an extension on their line of credit. Further, our sensitivity analysis shows the importance of having strong confidence in managements projection ability. If the company believes that theirprojections will be accurate copious to avoid significant inventory write offs, and can obtain approval for an extension in the line of credit, transitioning to a level production plan will greatly improve profitability and operational efficiency.

CanGo Corporation Essay Example for Free

CanGo Corporation EssayCanGo does not seem to have any legitimate process hang up charts, especi whollyy for its operations facility. twain floor plan layouts were drawn up. One for the current operation processes and one which shows the operation facility if CanGo invests and implements an ASRS (automated storage and retrieval systems). These two floor plans were referred to as flow charts. Flow charts consist of shapes and connectors which are labeled stating the flow of the processes, the decisions that can be made at specific stages, and outcomes of those decisions. Accompanying a flow chart would be the floor plan and written bread and butter outlining and explaining the entire process.RecommendationClasses Consulting recommends that CanGo draws up an effective flow chart, as well as the floor plans and written documentation explaining the processes in their operations facility. In addition, costs, financial effects (both current and future), and other details should be included for both the current operations system and the proposed ASRS and barcoding system. Having all of this documentation will show where improvements can be made and where costs can be cut. It will show and explain in detail the actual processes used for receiving, selectioning, and shipping.A floor plan will not take into account the actual details such as how long it take to pick books, how crowded it is on the operations floor, nor how the employees feel about the possible change. If, after creating this documentation, CanGo decides to go ahead with the new barcode and ASRS the flowchart will help in the mental home and setup of the new systems. In addition, if financing is needed to install the new systems, having this documentation will show the lenders that CanGo has thought it through and can give details.

Andrew Carnegies Defense: The Gospel Of Wealth

Andrew Carnegies Defense The Gospel Of WealthDuring the Industrial Revolution, several changes shaped American society. Inventions such as the railroad and electricity contri windlessnessed to the massive change in American life. A movement from the rural farms to the industrial cities and grind protesters desire to maximise pro locomote and minimize cost started the battle amid laborers and large capitalist bosses. Through let on this era, daring entrepreneurs such as John Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, Jay Gould, J.P. Morgan, and the Vanderbilt family helped shape the economy, and became k outrightn as the robber barons, because of their ruthless treatment of workers and underhanded business mounts. Through their economic and political leverage, they accumulated massive amounts of riches and had enormous influence. Robber barons utilized their wealth in a variety ways, such as purchasing extravagant mansions or hosting wasteful parties. However in the term Wealth, un care th e different millionaires of the gimcrack Age, Andrew Carnegie encouraged fel natural depression capitalists to live humbly and use their excess capital to assist the unfit slimy, but only because he felt that the millionaires were near dependent to help.In Wealth, Carnegie argues that the fit and wise rich men of American must be the ones who distribute the wealth because they have the essential skills to do so. He emphasizes that millionaire class, to which he belonged, is very skilled and elevates their status in society with his self-praising writing. For example he says, their talent for organization and management is rargon among men and this talent, secures for its possessor enormous rewards, no matter where or under what laws or conditions.1The rich ar again represented as greater than the poor by having superior wisdom, experience, and ability to parcel out wealth.2They are shown to have skills are unique and rare allowing them to do amazing things in all aspects of l ife-an indomitable group of good deal who can solve every problem. This resembles the widespread doctrine of social Darwinism, because if a person is fit by beingness skilled, it is natural that they will succeed and survive. Carnegie wrote that it is because of their skill that only they must be responsible for the control and distribution of their wealth. duration Carnegie elevates the richs image and portrays them as superior beings, he describes the poor as foolish, impudent, and unskilled. Throughout the text, Carnegie argued that it must be the rich classs state to guide the poor, because their class can do for them better than they would or could do for themselves since the poor are, slothful, the drunken, the unworthy.3Carnegie demonstrates the unfit, foolish, lazy, and ignorant workers and laborers as the foils of the fit, skilled, wise, and hardworking millionaires. According to social Darwinism and Carnegies article, the poor at the bottom of society deserve to be th ere, because they are unfit and failed seize advantages of their situation and earn millions of dollars, like the capitalists.By emphasizing the differences between the rich and poor, Carnegies article illustrates the prevailing belief of social Darwinism. Wealth was published during 1889 an era when populace believed in the theory of social Darwinism. This belief stemmed from Charles Darwins theory of evolution and Herbert Spencer and William whole meal flour Sumner used the popular catchwords of Darwinism, struggle for existence and survival of the fittest and applied them to the life of man in society4. Indeed Carnegie uses these terms in his article, as he says the law of competitioninsures the survival of the fittest in every department.5By applying Darwins biological theory to man and society, the fittest or strongest members of society should be at the top and lead society, trance the weak, unfit should be on the bottom and allowed to suffer and die out. This is echoed in Carnegies article as the millionaires should have all the control and power of their wealth, while the poor must be changed and learn to be fit or be left to die out. Successful business and entrepreneurs apparently accepted almost by instinct the Darwinian terminology which seemed to portray the conditions of their existence.6For example, as a child Carnegie had to support his family and by taking advantage of the situations provided to him. By doing so, he was able to own the biggest and most successful steel industry. In his article, a businessmans success and money are rewards of being fit, while the poors lack of money is a symbol of their disaster in society.By presenting the rich and poor as skilled and unskilled, wise and foolish, Carnegie is able to justify that the rich were the only ones who were knowledgeable enough to share and continue their wealth. Carnegie arrogantly says that, this wealth, passing through the hands of the few, can be made much more(prenominal) p otent force for the elevation of our race than if distributed in pocketable sums to the people themselves.7The few or the rich should must have the money, because they will be able to properly distribute it to the poor. If the people themselves obtained this money, they would not have as grand a result as the millionaires.In his article, Carnegie needed to oppose their immense accumulation of wealth, before explaining the more efficient methods of helping the poor. During this era, there was a huge economic gap between the rich and poor. In 1890, 73 percent of the nations wealth was held by the top 10 percent of the population.8This disproportionate distribution of money caused the laborers and poor to see the wealthy and business as evil and millionaires as corrupt robber barons stealing their money. This distrust was inflamed by the immense differences in living conditions of each class. While millionaires lived comfortably in extravagant, laborers and factory workers lived in dirty and disease filled slums. However, in Wealth Carnegie attempts to bind together the rich and poor in harmonious relationship9and provides a humble interpretation of the rich as they are just a the mere trustee and agent for his poorer brethren.10He wishes to have peace between the two classes and portrays the rich as helpful caretakers of poor. In their crusade in helping the poor endure fit, the rich must have control over their capital in order to help them. Carnegie states that they would provide them with ladders upon which the aspiring can rise free libraries, parks, whole shebang of art,and public institutions of various kinds.11He wanted to provide resources to those who will help themselves, just as he had brought himself up from working in a factory to owner of a steel factory. However, he would not just hand out money to the poor, because they would use it foolishly.12By providing with poor with these institutions, Carnegie hoped that they would learn how beco me fit and become more like the refined and educated millionaires. Even if the rich has so much, they should be willing to return some of their resources in the form of libraries and other services to assist the poor. By explaining that their wisdom and wealth will be used to assist the poor, the wealthy are given a legitimate moderateness to keep all their money and continue with the laissez-faire system of governing.Even though Carnegie felt he provided the poor with ladders to success. The poor had no time to take advantage of them. As the wealthy obtained an immense amount of money, most of the population suffered in poverty. The poor had to work in dangerous factories in long 12 hour work days. After a day of hard work, laborers would barely make enough money to eat as Carnegies steel workers earned from $1.50 to $2.00 per day. While a family in the Pittsburg area needed $15 a week to live, most workers made less than $12.50.13Even if factory workers wanted to go to the topi cal anesthetic library they had no time or energy to do so. During this time, the wealthy were really not focused on relieving the needy with handouts. Carnegie felt that just grownup foolish man money would cause him to spend it recklessly. He wanted to help the poor become more like the rich by providing them with the resources which would initiate them how to be fit and if the poor really wanted to advance themselves, they would go to a library and learn the skills necessary to do so. Given the circumstances, this would be unlikely, but Carnegie still proposes that this is a viable option, as he really does not know how the poor live.Since the government practiced laissez-faire politics which ensured that the government would confine away from business affairs, businessmen had large control over their finances and factories. If the government did interfere, they could only do so to benefit business, specifically those of the robber barons. Andrew Carnegies article Wealth supp orted this hands-off policy on business. As an article which drew intemperately on the beliefs of social Darwinism, lack of government action would be beneficial to the evolution of society. The law of competition is not only beneficial, but essential to the future progress of the race and competition between these businesses, as being not only beneficial, but essential to the future progress of the race.14Carnegie and many other businessmen believed that businesses should be free to compete against each other and that the government should stay out the way. If the government would get involved, they would only do so to protect competition between businesses. According to social Darwinism, competition would destroy the weak, pass along only the fit in society. Thus, the skilled fit that remain are able to advance society and harvest their rewards. If the government created regulation that hindered competition between businesses, competition would be destroyed, and society would not be able to move forward. therefore, any disruption or attempts to hinder the law of competition or defend the unfit were not allowed by the business owners. As Irvin Wyllie states in the article Social Darwinism and the Businessman, Herbert Spencer became the oracle of the age in defense of laissez-faire as he applied the idea of evolution and completion to society.15Social Darwinisms law of competition became a bulwark for a government which did not interfere with businesses and left workers with pathetic work conditions. In Wealth, Andrew Carnegie use of the law of competition to support the laissez-faire image of government helped protect the businessmens interest.In Wealth, Carnegie to a fault supported millionaires decision to make do against unions desires. Due to the harsh conditions in factories, low wages, long work days, and lack of help from the government, unions like the Knights of Labor formed in an attempt to obtain a shorter workday and better working condition s for workers. Eight work days and risqueer wages would increase the bottom line and lessen the businessmans profit causing create deal of resistance from businessmen. Unfit laborers are portrayed by social Darwinism and Wealth as lazy and deserving of their suffering giving the idea that factory owners do not need listen to them. In Wealth, the wealthy are portrayed as all-knowing, as they know the best interests of the race.16Indeed, in this era, millionaires found unions to be hindrances to their companies and had the full support of federal government in layoverping them. By emphasizing that the poor are unworthy, lazy, and ignorant and the wealthy k mod what they were doing, Wealth defended why millionaires disliked unions and did everything they could to stop them.Andrew Carnegies article, Wealth, was a result of prevailing belief of social Darwinism in the Gilded Age. The rhetoric of Spencer and Sumners view of social Darwinism are apparent in his work and though this belie f, Carnegie is able to say that the rich were the most capable group of people to hold and distribute the wealth. Through his ingrained belief of social Darwinism, he was withal able to defend the wealths large accumulation of wealth, the laissez-faire government, and their aggression toward labor unions found during the Industrial era.Kentucky heat Chicken (KFC) Free essay Management essaysKentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) Free essay Management essaysIntroductionKFC in the beginning was changing companies which belonged, since in 1964 Colonel Sanders first sold KFC. It was sold in a olive-sized group of investors who promoted KFC in public. In 1971 Heublein was highly involved in the day to day operations. However, R.J. Reynolds then acquired Heublein in 1982. R.J. took a more laid back draw near and allowed business as usual at KFC. After that in 1986 PepsiCo bought this company and tried to grow it very degenerate and as hale the restaurant ingredient even if KFC and PepsiC o had a very different culture and style which means that it was totally different. PepsiCo is a big company which recognized itself in 1985 and owns as good Pizza Hut, Taco Bell and now KFC. PepsiCo has a consumer product orientation and found that the merchandise of fast fodder was very similar to the marketing of its docile drinks and snack nutrients. PepsiCo combines snack food, soft drinks and restaurants together and its a huge company in the gentlemans gentleman with many restaurants.Nowadays KFC belongs to YUM international and is the largest chicken restaurant in the world with over 32,500 restaurants with, AW All-American Food, Taco Bell, Long John Silvers and Pizza Hut in more than 100 countries. Today, some of the older KFC restaurants have become famous in their own right. One such restaurant is located in Marietta, Georgia. This store is notable for a 17m tall sign that looks like a chicken. The sign, known locally as the Big Chicken, was built for an earlier fas t-food restaurant on the site called Johnny Rebs Chick, Chuck and Shake. It is often used as a travel reference point in the Atlanta area by locals and pilots.The original handwritten recipe is kept locked away at the KFC corporate furnish in Louisville, Kentucky as a closely-guarded secret. Only two members within the Yum Corporation knows the recipe in its entirety.Mission and Objectiveswe find reasons to celebrate the achievements of others and have fun doing itThe missionary work of the KFC is to sell food in a fast ,to have a friendly environment that appeals to pride conscious, to be in a health mind consumers. The objectives of KFC is to increase the variety of menu, to introduce desert menu and introduce buffet to restaurants. Another objective goal is to target Menu items of African Americans in major(ip) cities with the following foods greens, macaroni and cheese, peach cobbler, red beans and rice. However there are to a fault menu items which should be target in Hispan ics major cities are the fried plantains, flan, tres Leches. The implementations on non-traditional units are including the shopping mall food courts, universities, hospitals, airports, stadiums, amusement parks, office buildings, mobile units.Pest analysisPoliticalUK Government has launched a bracing corporate tax scheme in April 2008, in which the tax is to decrease from 30% down to 28%, helping revive the economy and boost competition (BBC, 2008, p.1). Fast food companies like McDonalds, KFC, etc. could save millions of pounds from this stimulus.The Government is considering a proposed ban on junk food advertising to billboards, computer games and cinemas act in the face of the public health of child obesity. A blanket ban would be a hammer blow to companies such as KFC, McDonalds, Coca-Cola, Nestle, etc. (Mintel, 2009m, p.1)EconomicAs a result of the credit crunch and market instability, global markets are in disarray, deleveraging is under way (Kohler, 2009, p.27). The UK eco nomy is now challenged by serious economic downturn. modish Indicators published by Office for National Statistics (2009, p.1) states that all indexes are at negative interpretation, such as unemployment rate increased, GDP and national productivity decreased.The UK is heavily impacted by the economic downturn. Hickman (2007, p.1) argues that the era of spend, spend, and spend no longer exists. Britain shoppers habit of depending on credit cards is now forced to change. They have to lessened back their expenditure since credit availability would be now a historic concept.SocialWork mobility, working under pressure seems to force people to go out to eat and drink rather than cook at home for themselves (although this trend is moderated by credit crunch recently). People enjoy their unfinished time by spending hours in coffee stores, restaurants, cinemas, and fast foods are indispensable items in their orders.Bird and Hughes (1997, p.159) state that consumer is more and more hitin g for ethical products. They are not only paying attention to products quality, but also ethical aspects of the goods purchased. This raises a question to all businesses, however, it is also an opportunity for those who care of their customers, their communities, like KFC, for instant.Customers concern rough environmental issues in every item they buy (Mintel, 2009p, p.1). Environmental concerns are now a key priority among UK consumers and their importance is continuing to grow. Consumer concerns are encouraging retailers to introduce green products and to put their entire operations on a greener footing (Mintel, 2009c, p.1)Consumers may be increasingly turning to chicken outlets as a relatively healthy alternative to red meat, particularly on the back of recent government and health campaigners concerns over the nutritional content of fast food (Mintel, 2009a4, p.1)Attitudes towards burgers are changing. Burgers are no longer seen as should-be-avoid foods, but are positive ones i nstead (Mintel, 2009d, p.1). In addition, microwaveable burgers have been welcomed to serve a new snack-on-the-go audience (Mintel, 2009d, p.1).Technological and environmental issuesThe Internet is changing the way that many businesses are operating (Avinash and Minh, 2008, p.83). The Internet accounts for 8% of global advertising spend and ripening rapidly (The Economist, 2007, p.124). It is an opportunity for fast food companies enabling its customers to order online easily via its website, creating competitive advantage for the company.Technology helps to shorten the geographic distance, booting business communication. Technology also helps to design and manufacture modern machines to produce high quality foods, saving time and human capital.Global warming, green house gas, recyclable materials are among most interests of environmental supporters.Swot analysisStrengthsKFC has a very long history and has the most recognizable brand in chicken. KFC has name recognition around the world and has been globally positioned for many years. KFCs secret recipe of 11 herbs and spices has made it the attractor in chicken for the last fifty years. KFC is the 2nd only to McDonalds in the UK and ground forces and ranks highest among all chicken restaurant trains for its convenience and menu variety.The quality of food is a key strength to KFC. The quality is defined by the YUM and controlled by the local franchisees. There is a global standard, with regard to the quality of the KFC meals.The KFC recipes allow for quick a processing time, which makes it all the more convenient and more entrancing to prospective clients.Customer-focused approach brings advantages to KFC. The company cares about the health of its customers. Recently, in 2008, KFC signs up to the Food Standards Agency commitment to providing healthier meals, helping its customers enjoy a healthier, more balanced diet. The commitments include working with suppliers to reduce salt and saturated fat levels , dressings and frying oils for alternatives that are lower in saturated fat, increasing the number of healthier options on the menu and making nutritional information more readily available to customers (Mintel, 2009l). The company also puts nutritional information of its products online and in stores.KFC does business ethically and environmentally. KFC UK has promised to reduce packaging and waste by selling products such as its Fillet and Zinger burgers just wrapped into paper rather than in a artificial box. The chain said it aimed to reduce waste by up to 14000 tonnes over 2009 (Mintel, 2009p).KFC has a strong development plan. In February 2009, KFC announced to open 300 new UK outlets between 2009 and 2014, creating 9,000 jobs. This expansion was designed to capitalise on really strong growth and customers increasingly turning to cheaper food options amid the credit crunch (Mintel, 2009q).WeaknessesRumour There is a rumour about using GMO chicken (Genetic Modification Organis m). This arouses a great controversy in many places. For a developed market like the UK, this impacts negatively on KFC image since people think that the use of GM chicken will have great influence on the food chain which is very crucial to the environmental health and nature development.Legal issues KFC has been ordered to pay a 24,000 fine following the discovery of poor hygiene standards at its Bridgend branch in South Wales. The branchs staff did not wash their hands and wore dirty aprons, while the sites stifling water was turned off, meaning that staff were also unable to wash food preparation equipment (Mintel, 2009k).Trans fats issues KFC predominantly cooks its chicken in vegetable oil called trans fats, an unhealthy method of cooking (Oppapers, 2009).Lacking fun Since bulk of KFCs customers are people between 14 and 44, who are young, dynamic, and proactive, store decoration and atmosphere play a critical role for the companys success.Lack of knowledge about their custome rs KFC does not have its own customer data imbruted.OpportunitiesThe chicken and burger bar market reached 3.6 billion in 2007 and is predicted to rise following years. The traditional low-cost fast food outlets are well placed to remain relevant as economic conditions tighten. The burger market reached nearly 2.5 billion 2007 whereas chicken outlets were valued at nearly 1 billion, however, the latter showed higher growth rates over the past six years. The takeaway market continues to outperform the eat-in welkin (Mintel, 2009z).Despite the economic downturn, consumers are still likely to continue eating out, according to a survey of 1,000 UK diners by Survey Shack. 63% said price wasnt the major factor influencing whether they chose to eat out or not, and 77% said they would pay more if a meal was made from high-quality ingredients (Mintel, 2009y).Grab-and-go culture The convenience of takeaway meals has a clear demographic bias towards men, younger consumers and those who are s ingle. Factors such as lack of motivation to worry too much about nutrition (eg the absence of children) or that it is expensive or wasteful to cook for one-person meals will play a part in this motivation (Mintel, 2009c).Growth in the 15-24-year-old age group has benefited the chicken/burger sector as they represent the core market, however, the predicted drop in 15-19-year-olds in coming years will present challenges (Mintel, 2009a1).ThreatsSupermarkets and new competitors Supermarkets own-label offerings have long been a crucial part of the UK food sales, holding a share of nearly 29% and continuing growth in market share (Mintel, 2009a).The National Minimum charter (adults now receive 5.52 an hour) continues to have an impact on the fast food market. These increases can have a major effect on the cost base of the larger chicken and burger bar operators, particularly when you consider KFC has some 8,000 employees in the UK (Mintel, 209b).The introduction of the Licensing Act 20 03 (for England and Wales) in 2005 has led to many pubs having extended opening hours, generating get on competition for fast-food chains, both in terms of the later nights and daytime trade (Mintel, 2009b).Health trend away from fried foods According to campaign group Consensus activeness On Salt and Health, some meals from top fast food chains conceal shockingly high salt levels. The worst contain more than pronged a childs recommended daily salt intake in a single meal. Customers react negatively to this news (Mintel, 2009x)Recent survey by Mintel (2009) states that growth in fast food industry has slowed in recent years. It implies of an intense competition in the eating out market and the maturing of the.BCG MATRIXKFC uses large amounts of immediate payment and is leader in the business so since it is a leader it should use a large amount of cash.The company has the worst cash characteristics of all, because there are high demands and low returns due to low market share. If there is not market share, question marks will simply take in great amounts of cash and when the growth will stop then there will be a dog.CASH COWProfits and cash generation should be high, and because of the low growth, investments were low. Keep profits highDOGSKFC should avoid and minimize the dogs in the company.As I mentioned before the BCG Matrix of KFC is depending totally from the YAM Company which includes as well the other companies the referent standard is the industry growth rate measured against the SBUs growth rate.Product life oscillationAll the products have their life cycle whether it is very successful or not. The life cycle has four stages.The first stage is the introduction of the product and such an example will be the hot wings.The second stage is the growth of the product and the product is the hot shots.The third stage is the maturity and the product is zinger, chicken mania, chicken burger.And the fourth stage is the pedigree which is the twister.Task env ironmentMy company diversified in many industries and for each industry has different suppliers. It audits its suppliers for compliance and non compliance.Kentucky Fried Chicken Garcia, Augie. Discussions, blemish 12, 1999www.scribd.com applied marketing Mr. Muhammad NoumanBBC (2008). Call for corporate tax clampdown. ready(prenominal) at http//news.bbc.co. uk/1/hi /uk_politics/7681165.stm. Accessed 3 January 2009Mintel (2009m). Proposed banned on junk food advertising could be extended. Available online at http//academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen_academic/search_results/show/display/id=118422/display/id=218594 Accessed 07 March 2009Office for National Statistics (2009). Latest indicators. Available online at http//www.statistics.gov.uk/instantfigures.asp. Accessed 09 March 2009Hickman M. (2007) First the credit crunch now the spending squeeze, The Independent on Sunday (2007) Thursday, 13 September 2007.Bird K and Hughes D. (1997). Ethical Consumerism The Case Of Fairly-Traded Co ffee. Business Ethics A European check over Volume 6 Issue 3,Pages159-167Mintel (2009p). KFC reduces packaging. (27/1/2009). Available online at http//academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen_academic/search_results/showset_access_filter=all-ZUK/display/id=280379/display/id=227776/display/id=438171. Accessed 08 March 2009Mintel (2009c). Internal market environment. Available online at http//academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen_academic/ state/view=reports_categorylevels=90849list=cat_itemscat=17lev=1/display/id=394656/display/id=442497. Accessed 07 March 2009.Mintel (2009a4). Chicken and Burger Bar UK March 2008 Market in brief. Available online at http//academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen_academic//display/id=280379/display/id=329487. Accessed 07 March 2009 Mintel (2009d). Burgers UK 2008. Available online at http//academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen_academic/my_reports/display/id=227787anchor=atom/display/id=227776. Accessed 07 March 2009 Avinash, W. and Minh. Q. H. (2008) How Can Interne t Service Providers Tap into the Potentially-Lucrative Small Business Market? International daybook of E-Business Research, 4(1), p.82-98The Economist (2007). The world in figures industries. The world in 2008. p124, 126.